{"id":10340,"date":"2026-08-12T21:47:17","date_gmt":"2026-08-12T14:47:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/useful.vn\/?p=10340"},"modified":"2026-08-12T21:47:17","modified_gmt":"2026-08-12T14:47:17","slug":"nha-khoa-hoc-tu-dau-doc-khi-carbon-monoxide-de-thi-nghiem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/useful.vn\/?p=10340","title":{"rendered":"Nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc t\u1ef1 ‘\u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9c’ kh\u00ed carbon monoxide \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\nNh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc t\u1ef1 ‘\u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9c’ kh\u00ed carbon monoxide \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m <\/h1>\n

Nh\u00e0 sinh l\u00fd h\u1ecdc John Scott Haldane giam m\u00ecnh trong h\u00f2m k\u00edn nh\u01b0 quan t\u00e0i su\u1ed1t 8 ti\u1ebfng, t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9c kh\u00ed carbon monoxide v\u00e0 clo, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 ra \u0111\u1eddi nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t minh c\u1ee9u s\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec1u sinh m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n

John Scott Haldane (n\u0103m 1860-1936) l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 sinh l\u00fd h\u1ecdc ng\u01b0\u1eddi Scotland n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u00e1c h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9c trong bu\u1ed3ng k\u00edn. Nh\u1eefng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m t\u1ef1 th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh kh\u00ed carbon monoxide l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y t\u1eed vong trong khai th\u00e1c m\u1ecf, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng chim ho\u00e0ng y\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 v\u1eadt c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o s\u1edbm v\u00e0 li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p oxy ti\u00ean phong.<\/p>\n

Theo Pub Med Central<\/em>, Haldane sinh ng\u00e0y 3\/5\/1860 t\u1ea1i Edinburgh v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn b\u1eb1ng y khoa \u1edf \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Edinburgh n\u0103m 1884. N\u0103m1887, \u00f4ng t\u1edbi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00fa l\u00e0 John Burdon-Sanderson, gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 sinh l\u00fd \u1edf \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Oxford. T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, Haldane b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u quan t\u00e2m t\u1edbi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi. N\u0103m 1892, Haldane v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd h\u1ecdc Lorrain Smith ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 oxy trong m\u00e1u d\u01b0\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c nhau. 6 n\u0103m sau, \u00f4ng t\u1ea1o ra m\u00e1y ph\u00e2n t\u00edch kh\u00ed m\u00e1u c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n

N\u0103m 1906, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd h\u1ecdc ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh John Gillies Priestley, Haldane ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 d\u01b0 th\u1eeba carbon dioxide trong m\u00e1u, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i do thi\u1ebfu oxy. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111i t\u1edbi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f3, n\u0103m 1893, Haldane t\u1ef1 giam m\u00ecnh trong m\u1ed9t h\u00f2m k\u00edn gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 quan t\u00e0i su\u1ed1t 8 ti\u1ebfng. Sau \u0111\u00f3, \u00f4ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 chi ti\u1ebft c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a carbon dioxide v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 ion hydro trong m\u00e1u. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi carbon dioxide c\u1ee7a hemoglobin (protein huy\u1ebft s\u1eafc t\u1ed1) kh\u1eed oxy \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean l\u00e0 “Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Haldane”.<\/p>\n

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John Scott Haldane t\u1ea1i ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u1edf Oxford. \u1ea2nh: Wikimedia Commons<\/em><\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Ti\u1ebfp theo, Haldane chuy\u1ec3n sang nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ng\u1ea1t th\u1edf th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p \u1edf th\u1ee3 m\u1ecf. Sau khi t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9c b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng kh\u00ed carbon monoxide, nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc ch\u1ee9ng minh ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn th\u1ee3 m\u1ecf kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ebft do thi\u1ebfu oxy hay ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng sau tai n\u1ea1n h\u1ea7m m\u1ecf m\u00e0 do ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c kh\u00ed carbon monoxide. V\u00ec v\u1eady, \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt nh\u1ecf nh\u01b0 chim ho\u00e0ng y\u1ebfn ho\u1eb7c chu\u1ed9t l\u00e0m v\u1eadt d\u00f2 kh\u00ed v\u00ec ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi carbon monoxide nhanh h\u01a1n con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Do k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00e9 v\u00e0 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 trao \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ea5t cao, chim ho\u00e0ng y\u1ebfn s\u1ebd ng\u1ea5t x\u1ec9u kho\u1ea3ng 20 ph\u00fat tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng. Haldane c\u00f2n g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1edf d\u00f9ng trong h\u1ea7m m\u1ecf trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p x\u1ea3y ra v\u1ee5 n\u1ed5.<\/p>\n

Theo Smithsonian<\/em>, Haldane v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eed t\u1edbi B\u1ec9 sau v\u1ee5 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng \u1edf th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n Ypres \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u lo\u1ea1i kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9c m\u00e0 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i \u0110\u1ee9c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. H\u1ecd x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 kh\u00ed clo khi quan s\u00e1t khuy \u00e1o b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng tr\u00ean qu\u00e2n ph\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a binh l\u00ednh t\u1eed tr\u1eadn b\u1ecb b\u1ea1c m\u00e0u. Khi tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 \u1edf Oxford, Anh, Haldane b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 trang b\u1ecb cho qu\u00e2n \u0110\u1ed3ng minh. Trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m t\u1ea1i gia, \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00ednh b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9c nh\u1eb1m ki\u1ec3m tra \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u1edbi c\u00f4 con g\u00e1i Naomi \u0111\u1ee9ng canh ngo\u00e0i c\u1eeda. Haldane kh\u00f4ng qu\u00ean d\u1eb7n con n\u1ebfu th\u1ea5y \u00f4ng b\u1ea5t t\u1ec9nh, h\u00e3y k\u00e9o \u00f4ng ra ngo\u00e0i c\u00e0ng nhanh c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n

Sau nhi\u1ec1u th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m, Haldane t\u1ea1o ra kh\u1ea9u trang ph\u00f2ng h\u01a1i \u0111\u1ed9c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u mi\u1ebfng l\u00f3t b\u1eb1ng b\u00f4ng v\u1ee5n b\u1ecdc trong g\u1ea1c t\u1ea9m dung d\u1ecbch natri thiosunfat, h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t gi\u00fap v\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u h\u00f3a t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed clo. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c binh s\u0129 c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u1edf n\u1ed5i sau khi \u0111eo kh\u1ea9u trang ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0i ph\u00fat v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea9y l\u00ean tr\u00e1n, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 h\u1ecd v\u1eabn h\u00edt ph\u1ea3i kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9c. Haldane nhanh ch\u00f3ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i b\u00ecnh th\u1edf hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111eo h\u00edt th\u1edf qua m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9p kim lo\u1ea1i nh\u1ecf ch\u1ee9a than c\u1ee7i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc s\u1ebd h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9c. Sau \u0111\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ecdc s\u1ebd \u0111i qua \u1ed1ng cao su v\u00e0o mi\u1ec7ng. Tuy khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 th\u1edf, n\u00f3 gi\u00fap h\u1ecd ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi lo\u1ea1i kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9c, tr\u1eeb khi n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ef1c cao. Lo\u1ea1i b\u00ecnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong su\u1ed1t Th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn I v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ti\u1ec1n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ed9c ng\u00e0y nay.<\/p>\n

Nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc Haldane qua \u0111\u1eddi t\u1ea1i Oxford v\u00e0o n\u1eeda \u0111\u00eam 14\/3\/1936, kh\u00f4ng l\u00e2u sau chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i \u0111i\u1ec1u tra c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed9t qu\u1ef5 do nhi\u1ec7t trong nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y l\u1ecdc d\u1ea7u \u1edf Ba T\u01b0.<\/p>\n

An Khang – Huy Quang<\/strong>t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p<\/em><\/p>\n<\/article>\n

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https:\/\/vnexpress.net\/nha-khoa-hoc-lay-than-minh-de-thu-khi-doc-5100902.html<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc t\u1ef1 ‘\u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9c’ kh\u00ed carbon monoxide \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m Nh\u00e0 sinh l\u00fd h\u1ecdc John Scott Haldane giam m\u00ecnh trong h\u00f2m k\u00edn nh\u01b0 quan t\u00e0i su\u1ed1t 8 ti\u1ebfng, t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9c kh\u00ed carbon monoxide v\u00e0 clo, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 ra \u0111\u1eddi nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t minh c\u1ee9u s\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec1u sinh m\u1ea1ng. John Scott Haldane (n\u0103m 1860-1936)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":10341,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10340","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cong-nghe"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/useful.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10340","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/useful.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/useful.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/useful.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/useful.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=10340"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/useful.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10340\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/useful.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/10341"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/useful.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=10340"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/useful.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=10340"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/useful.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=10340"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}