{"id":410,"date":"2026-06-24T10:56:27","date_gmt":"2026-06-24T09:56:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/useful.vn\/?p=410"},"modified":"2026-06-24T10:56:27","modified_gmt":"2026-06-24T09:56:27","slug":"phat-trien-hai-giai-phap-ky-thuat-che-mo-mat-troi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/useful.vn\/?p=410","title":{"rendered":"Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n hai gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt che m\u1edd M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Trong t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu khi\u1ebfn Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u1ea5m l\u00ean, \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng che m\u1edd M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng thu h\u00fat nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m. Theo MIT Technology Review<\/em>, \u0111\u1ecba k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi (hay qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi) l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p can thi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00edch v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00ed h\u1eadu \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1ea5m l\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n

Theo BBC<\/em>, k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng m\u00e2y bi\u1ec3n t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o x\u1ecbt n\u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1i t\u1eeb thuy\u1ec1n l\u00ean nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y th\u1ea5p tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. M\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng ch\u1ec9 ra n\u1ebfu phun tr\u00ean di\u1ec7n t\u00edch l\u1edbn (kho\u1ea3ng 4% b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng) g\u1ea7n x\u00edch \u0111\u1ea1o, t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1edf m\u1ee9c to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. Do v\u00f2ng tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1ea5t ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e1ng m\u00e2y s\u1ebd l\u00e0m m\u00e1t m\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n \u1edf \u0111\u00f4ng nam \u0110\u1ea1i T\u00e2y D\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi khi\u1ebfn m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh m\u01b0a b\u1ecb gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda Nam M\u1ef9, d\u1eabn t\u1edbi h\u1ea1n h\u00e1n \u1edf r\u1eebng m\u01b0a Amazon. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Southern Cross \u1edf Australia \u0111\u00e3 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng m\u00e2y \u1edf quy m\u00f4 nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t r\u1ea1n san h\u00f4 trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ee3t n\u1eafng n\u00f3ng.<\/p>\n

Trong khi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng m\u00e2y bi\u1ec3n quy m\u00f4 nh\u1ecf s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng qu\u1ea1t v\u00e0 m\u00e1y phun c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n, k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt phun aerosol (t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p h\u1ea1t r\u1eafn ho\u1eb7c l\u1ecfng si\u00eau nh\u1ecf l\u01a1 l\u1eedng trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean ho\u1eb7c nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o) v\u00e0o t\u1ea7ng b\u00ecnh l\u01b0u \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 che m\u1edd M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ecba k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o phun aerosol nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o nh\u01b0 l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh dioxide v\u00e0o t\u1ea7ng b\u00ecnh l\u01b0u, n\u1eb1m \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 cao t\u1eeb 10-20 km \u0111\u1ebfn 50 km ph\u00eda tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t, qua \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng gian.<\/p>\n

H\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh dioxide c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c phun v\u00e0o kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, trong v\u1ee5 phun tr\u00e0o n\u00fai l\u1eeda Pinatubo \u1edf Philippines, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u m\u00e1t h\u01a1n n\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed9 C l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 khi phun kho\u1ea3ng 15 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh dioxide v\u00e0o t\u1ea7ng b\u00ecnh l\u01b0u. Nh\u01b0ng do aerosol ch\u1ee9a l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh ch\u1ec9 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0i n\u0103m, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111i k\u00e8m m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 r\u1ee7i ro. M\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh cho th\u1ea5y phun aerosol v\u00e0o t\u1ea7ng b\u00ecnh l\u01b0u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1ea5m l\u00ean m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 cao 15 km ph\u00eda tr\u00ean v\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi, l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft tr\u00ean quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n

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M\u00e1y bay IR-1 c\u1ee7a Iris Aero. \u1ea2nh: Iris Aero<\/em><\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Gi\u1edbi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111ang n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt phun aerosol th\u00f4ng qua ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n v\u00e0 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t th\u00edch h\u1ee3p. K\u1ef9 s\u01b0 h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng John Langford ki\u00eam nh\u00e0 s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp c\u00f4ng ty kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p Iris Aero \u1edf M\u1ef9 \u0111ang thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1ed9t m\u1eabu m\u00e1y bay kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1 c\u00f3 b\u1ed9 c\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ed9 tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i t\u1eeb ph\u1ea7n th\u00e2n ng\u1eafn, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bay cao h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn m\u00e9t so v\u1edbi m\u00e1y bay ph\u1ea3n l\u1ef1c th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i. Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00e1nh ngo\u1ea1i c\u1ee1 s\u1ebd gi\u00fap m\u00e1y bay ch\u1edf v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u01a1 l\u1eedng \u1edf t\u1ea7ng b\u00ecnh l\u01b0u c\u00e1ch m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t kho\u1ea3ng 20 km. Khi \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9 cao c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, m\u00e1y bay s\u1ebd phun v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u0169 tr\u1ee5. M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9i g\u1ed3m 270 chi\u1ebfc m\u00e1y bay c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 phun kho\u1ea3ng m\u1ed9t tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1ed7i n\u0103m, \u0111\u1ee7 khi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u gi\u1ea3m kho\u1ea3ng 0,26 \u00b0C.<\/p>\n

Theo Langford, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y bay mang t\u00ean IR-1 l\u00e0 theo d\u00f5i v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o ch\u00e1y r\u1eebng. Nh\u01b0ng th\u00f4ng qua thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c, phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n m\u1edbi s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n trong t\u1ea7ng b\u00ecnh l\u01b0u l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u1edf \u0111\u00f3. Trang b\u1ecb hai \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 Rolls Royce v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c ch\u1edf g\u1ea7n 7.000 kg, m\u00e1y bay s\u1ebd t\u00edch h\u1ee3p m\u1ed9t th\u00f9ng ch\u1ee9a d\u1ec5 th\u00e1o r\u1eddi, cho ph\u00e9p ch\u1ea5t th\u00eam v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u gi\u1eefa chuy\u1ebfn bay v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 h\u01b0 h\u1ea1i n\u00e0o do h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y ra nh\u01b0 \u0103n m\u00f2n, theo SRM360<\/em>. Langford v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ban \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 \u0111ang ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ph\u00e2n t\u00edch k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed chi ti\u1ebft h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n Mingyi Wang, tr\u1ee3 l\u00fd gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Chicago, \u0111ang nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u aerosol h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u00e0 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecba k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng khi th\u00eam axit sulfuric v\u00e0o t\u1ea7ng b\u00ecnh l\u01b0u v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u x\u1ea3y ra sau v\u1ee5 phun tr\u00e0o n\u00fai l\u1eeda. Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a axit sulfuric l\u00ean t\u1ea7ng b\u00ecnh l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ec3 phun r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m v\u00e0 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p do h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1 n\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 d\u00ednh. V\u00ec v\u1eady, Wang v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 \u0111ang ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m trong \u1ed1ng d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y l\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra h\u1ea1t kh\u00ed c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1eb1m ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u k\u1ebft t\u1ee5 v\u1edbi h\u1ea1t c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n v\u00e0 r\u01a1i kh\u1ecfi t\u1ea7ng b\u00ecnh l\u01b0u.<\/p>\n

An Khang<\/strong> t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p<\/em><\/p>\n<\/article>\n

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https:\/\/vnexpress.net\/phat-trien-hai-giai-phap-ky-thuat-che-mo-mat-troi-5088814.html<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Trong t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu khi\u1ebfn Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u1ea5m l\u00ean, \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng che m\u1edd M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng thu h\u00fat nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m. Theo MIT Technology Review, \u0111\u1ecba k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi (hay qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi) l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p can thi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00edch v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":411,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-410","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cong-nghe"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/useful.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/410","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/useful.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/useful.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/useful.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/useful.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=410"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/useful.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/410\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/useful.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/411"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/useful.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=410"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/useful.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=410"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/useful.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=410"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}