{"id":9399,"date":"2026-08-08T14:47:24","date_gmt":"2026-08-08T07:47:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/useful.vn\/?p=9399"},"modified":"2026-08-08T14:47:24","modified_gmt":"2026-08-08T07:47:24","slug":"nguon-goc-nhung-vien-kim-cuong-lon-nhat-tren-trai-dat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/useful.vn\/?p=9399","title":{"rendered":"Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c nh\u1eefng vi\u00ean kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\nNgu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c nh\u1eefng vi\u00ean kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t <\/h1>\n

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t h\u1ecdc ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n nh\u00f3m kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 hi\u1ebfm g\u1eb7p nh\u01b0 vi\u00ean Cullinan 3.106 carat h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u l\u1edbn h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

Theo Independent<\/em>, ph\u00f3 gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Geoffrey Howarth, nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Cape Town, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111ang t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e1 n\u00e0o ch\u1ee9a kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng CLIPPIR v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0a ch\u00fang l\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t. CLIPPIR thu\u1ed9c nh\u00f3m kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng si\u00eau s\u00e2u, h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u h\u01a1n 400 km d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i v\u00f9ng chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 (l\u1edbp \u0111\u00e1 n\u00f3ng d\u00e0y gi\u1eefa l\u00f5i Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t v\u00e0 l\u1edbp v\u1ecf). So v\u1edbi ch\u00fang, kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ed5, s\u00e2u kho\u1ea3ng 200 km. Do \u0111\u00f3, kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng CLIPPIR r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu \u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c b\u00ean trong Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 quan s\u00e1t tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t olivine t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong \u0111\u00e1 kimberlite. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e1 magma hi\u1ebfm d\u00e2ng l\u00ean nhanh ch\u00f3ng t\u1eeb s\u00e2u trong l\u00f2ng Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 thang m\u00e1y t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean mang kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c t\u1eeb l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 l\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t. Olivine l\u00e0 kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t d\u1ed3i d\u00e0o nh\u1ea5t trong l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7. Khi d\u00e2ng l\u00ean, kimberlite mang theo olivine t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e1 trong l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 m\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111i qua.<\/p>\n

D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00edch t\u1ee5 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u01b0a l\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t. Nh\u00f3m c\u1ee7a Howarth khoanh v\u00f9ng n\u01a1i gi\u00e0u s\u1eaft b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng trong l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7, g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1 kimberlite ch\u1ee9a kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng CLIPPIR. Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd cung c\u1ea5p c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 th\u0103m d\u00f2 kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00ec \u0111\u00e1 kimberlite mang kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t olivin gi\u00e0u s\u1eaft c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng ch\u1ee9a kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng CLIPPIR h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

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Cullinan l\u00e0 vi\u00ean kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00f4 l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. \u1ea2nh: B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng Cape Town<\/em><\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 ra kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng CLIPPIR c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi v\u1ecf \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1ecb k\u00e9o s\u00e2u v\u00e0o b\u00ean trong Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t b\u1edfi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ebfn t\u1ea1o m\u1ea3ng (s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u00e0 di chuy\u1ec3n ch\u1eadm ch\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng m\u1ea3ng v\u1ecf c\u1ee9ng). Khi g\u1eb7p nhau, m\u1ed9t m\u1ea3ng v\u1ecf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea9y xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ea3ng c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00fat ch\u00ecm, \u0111\u1ea9y v\u1ecf \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0o s\u00e2u trong l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7, n\u01a1i n\u00f3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i do nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, \u00e1p su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1 xung quanh. Trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c h\u1ea1n, carbon trong v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n

B\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng m\u1edbi t\u1eeb k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc olivine c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho th\u1ea5y kimberlite ch\u1ee9a kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng CLIPPIR g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi v\u1ecf \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i (v\u1ecf Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t n\u1eb1m d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng), b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1edfi ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng n\u00f3ng l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng qua \u0111\u00e1y bi\u1ec3n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ti\u1ebfn s\u00e2u v\u00e0o Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t. V\u1ecf \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u1ea3i qua bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1ee7y nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh l\u1edbp \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u1eb7c gi\u00e0u s\u1eaft s\u00e2u trong l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7.<\/p>\n

Thay v\u00ec n\u1ed5i l\u00ean th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u0111\u00e1 gi\u00e0u s\u1eaft c\u1ea7n l\u1ef1c n\u00e2ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd t\u1eeb ch\u00f9m manti, nh\u1eefng c\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e1 si\u00eau n\u00f3ng n\u1ed5i l\u00ean t\u1eeb s\u00e2u trong l\u00f2ng Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cu\u1ed1n theo v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea9y l\u00ean cao. Ch\u00fang mang v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ee9a kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1y th\u1ea1ch quy\u1ec3n d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ed5. Sau h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m, magma ch\u1ea3y qua khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f3, nhanh ch\u00f3ng phun l\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u1ee9ng l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e1 kimberlite, mang theo kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

Theo nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, \u0111\u00e1 kimberlite ch\u1ee9a olivin gi\u00e0u s\u1eaft v\u00e0 c\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng ch\u1ee9a kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng CLIPPIR cao h\u01a1n, t\u1eadp trung \u1edf nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 Sierra Leone v\u00e0 Angola.<\/p>\n

Theo Conversation<\/em>, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 vi\u00ean kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nh\u1ea5t t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y thu\u1ed9c l\u1edbp kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng CLIPPIR hi\u1ebfm g\u1eb7p, chi\u1ebfm ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn 1% t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t. T\u00ean g\u1ecdi n\u00e0y l\u00e0 t\u1eeb vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p 6 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt bao g\u1ed3m \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1ec1 ngo\u00e0i t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi vi\u00ean kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng Cullinan, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn, \u00edt t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t b\u00ean trong, \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft cao, c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng, b\u1ecb \u0103n m\u00f2n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. Nh\u00f3m CLIPPIR ch\u1ee9a ba trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng vi\u00ean kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n: Cullinan n\u1eb7ng 3.106 carat \u1edf m\u1ecf Premier t\u1ea1i Nam Phi, Lesedi La Rona n\u1eb7ng 1.111 carat v\u00e0 Motswedi n\u1eb7ng 2.492 carat \u0111\u1ec1u \u1edf m\u1ecf Karowe, Botswana.<\/p>\n

Theo Discovery Alert<\/em>, vi\u00ean kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng Cullinan v\u1eabn l\u00e0 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 l\u1edbp CLIPPIR. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1905 g\u1ea7n Pretoria, Nam Phi, kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00f4 3.106 carat c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng 621 g, g\u1ea7n b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t chai n\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u00f3 k\u1ebft tinh d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1p su\u1ea5t tr\u00ean 11 gigapascal trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u00e2u h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m km b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba ch\u00e2u Phi. Gi\u1edbi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh Cullinan n\u1ed5i l\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t th\u00f4ng qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh phun tr\u00e0o kimberlite kho\u1ea3ng 1,18 t\u1ef7 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, bi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng vi\u00ean kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh s\u00e2u v\u00e0 l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

An Khang <\/strong>t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p<\/em><\/p>\n<\/article>\n

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https:\/\/vnexpress.net\/nguon-goc-nhung-vien-kim-cuong-lon-nhat-tren-trai-dat-5100073.html<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c nh\u1eefng vi\u00ean kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t h\u1ecdc ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n nh\u00f3m kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 hi\u1ebfm g\u1eb7p nh\u01b0 vi\u00ean Cullinan 3.106 carat h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u l\u1edbn h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng. Theo Independent, ph\u00f3 gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Geoffrey Howarth, nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":9400,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9399","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cong-nghe"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/useful.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9399","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/useful.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/useful.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/useful.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/useful.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=9399"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/useful.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9399\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/useful.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/9400"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/useful.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=9399"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/useful.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=9399"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/useful.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=9399"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}